Botanical name : Gentiana kurroo Royle.
Family : Gentianaceae
SANSKRIT SYNONYMS
Traayamaana, Traayanti, Traayanta, Traayantikaa, Neelkanthi, Anujaa, Girijaa, Girishaanujaa,Balbhra, Paalani.
AYURVEDIC PROPERTIES
Rasa : Tikta
Guna : Lakhu, Rooksha
Virya : Ushna
PLANT NAME IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES
English : Indian gentian
Hindi : Trayaman, Kadu
Malayalam : Trayamana
Distribution – In Himalayas, from 1.500 lo 3.300 meters height.
PLANT DESCRIPTION
A small herbaceous plant grows up to 15 cm in height. Leaves radical or cauline. in pairs united at the base into a tube, flowers bright, solitary or in racemose clusters; fruits oblong capsules, the hard and stout rhizomes are used as medicine.
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES
Plant pacifies vitiated kapha, pitta, wounds, ulcers, dyspepsia, flatulence, colic, anorexia, worm infestation, constipation, inflammations, skin diseases, leucoderma, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhoea, hemorrhoids, skin diseases, cardiac debility and fever.
Useful part : Rhizome.
CHEMICAL CONTENTS
The rhizome and roots of G. Kurroo contain iridoid glycoside; major component was identified as 6’- cinnamoylcatalpol. The rhizomes and roots of Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth., found in the Himalayas, have similar properties and uses and are mixed or substituted for those of G. kurroo. Gentiana lutea (Yellow Gentian) is a native of Europe and AsiaMinor and is imported into India. The most important constituents of the drug are secoiridoid bitter compounds, amarogentin and gentiopicroside, together with traces of swertiamarin and sweroside. The roots also contain alkaloids, gentianine, gentianic acid and gentioflavine, xanthones, and bitter oligosaccharides, gentiobiose and gentianose. Amarogentin, gentiopicrin, swertiamarin, sioeroside (iridoid monoterpenes) are toxic constituents. Gentiana tenella Rottb., synonym Gentianella tenella H. Smith and G. decumbens Linn.f. occur at high altitudes in the Himalayas, and are used as substitutes for gentian. G. tenella is known as Kadu in Kashmir and Titaa in Punjab. The rhizome is used as Traayamaana in Ayurvedic medicine. The flowering tops of G. olivieri Griseb., synonym G. dahurica Fisch used in Unani medicine as Gul-e- Ghaafis, are imported into India from Persia.
Dosage – Rhizome – 1-3 g powder. (CCRAS.)
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